William D. Nordhaus, the Yale economist who shared the Nobel in economic science this week, has pointed words for some of the experiments so far with his theories on taxing polluters to fight climate change. “It was a catastrophic failure in the European Union,” he said just days after not only being awarded the Nobel but also seeing his life’s work embraced in a landmark United Nations assessment of the global threat of climate change. That document, approved by more than 180 nations, described Professor Nordhaus’s ideas as essential for slowing the carbon dioxide emissions that are rapidly warming the atmosphere. But in other places around the world — notably, parts of Canada and South Korea — politicians have adopted the idea in ways that not only show signs […]